{"id":44435,"date":"2024-12-18T17:25:32","date_gmt":"2024-12-18T09:25:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/114.34.37.161:8080\/?p=44435"},"modified":"2025-12-03T03:48:41","modified_gmt":"2025-12-02T19:48:41","slug":"what-is-a-spread-in-forex-trading","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mister.forex\/cs\/what-is-a-spread-in-forex-trading\/","title":{"rendered":"Co je \u201erozp\u011bt\u00ed\u201c (Spread) v obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s m\u011bnami? Podrobn\u00fd popis."},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"44435\" class=\"elementor elementor-44435\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed85c24 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ed85c24\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56ac457 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html translation-block\" data-id=\"56ac457\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\"><div style=\"padding:16px\"><span>\n <h2><b>Co je \u201erozp\u011bt\u00ed\u201c v obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s m\u011bnami?<\/b>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n <br>\n V obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s m\u011bnami, <strong>rozp\u011bt\u00ed (spread) ozna\u010duje rozd\u00edl mezi n\u00e1kupn\u00ed cenou (Bid) a prodejn\u00ed cenou (Ask) m\u011bnov\u00e9ho p\u00e1ru.<\/strong>&nbsp;To je n\u00e1klad, kter\u00fd mus\u00ed obchodn\u00edk n\u00e9st p\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9m obchodu, a je to tak\u00e9 jeden z hlavn\u00edch zdroj\u016f p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f forexov\u00fdch broker\u016f. Pochopen\u00ed konceptu rozp\u011bt\u00ed a toho, jak ovliv\u0148uje va\u0161e obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 znalost, kterou je t\u0159eba zvl\u00e1dnout p\u0159i obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s m\u011bnami.\n <br><br>\n <h3><strong>1. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed koncept rozp\u011bt\u00ed<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n Na forexov\u00e9m trhu m\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u011bnov\u00fd p\u00e1r sou\u010dasn\u011b dv\u011b ceny:&nbsp;\n <br><br>\n <ul>\n <li><strong>N\u00e1kupn\u00ed cena (Bid):<\/strong>&nbsp;To je cena, za kterou je trh ochoten koupit dan\u00fd m\u011bnov\u00fd p\u00e1r, tedy cena, za kterou m\u016f\u017eete prodat.<\/li>\n <li><strong>Prodejn\u00ed cena (Ask):<\/strong>&nbsp;To je cena, za kterou je trh ochoten prodat dan\u00fd m\u011bnov\u00fd p\u00e1r, tedy cena, za kterou m\u016f\u017eete koupit.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n <br>\n <img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-44442\" src=\"https:\/\/mister.forex\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Bid-ask-price.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"300\">\n\n \n <br><br>\n <strong>Rozp\u011bt\u00ed<\/strong>&nbsp;je rozd\u00edl mezi n\u00e1kupn\u00ed cenou (Bid) a prodejn\u00ed cenou (Ask). Nap\u0159\u00edklad:&nbsp;\n <br>\n Pokud je prodejn\u00ed cena EUR \/ USD 1.1050 a n\u00e1kupn\u00ed cena 1.1048, pak je rozp\u011bt\u00ed 2 pips.\n \n <img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-44443\" src=\"https:\/\/mister.forex\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Spread.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"250\">\n <br>\n P\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9m obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed mus\u00edte zaplatit rozp\u011bt\u00ed jako n\u00e1klad na vstup. Kdy\u017e koup\u00edte m\u011bnov\u00fd p\u00e1r, va\u0161e obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed prob\u00edh\u00e1 za prodejn\u00ed cenu, ale pokud chcete okam\u017eit\u011b prodat, bude to dokon\u010deno za ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1kupn\u00ed cenu. Proto, kdy\u017e vstoup\u00edte na trh, mus\u00ed trh nejprve p\u0159ekonat toto rozp\u011bt\u00ed, aby za\u010dal generovat zisk.\n <br><br>\n \n <h3><strong>2. Typy rozp\u011bt\u00ed<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n <br>\n \u0160\u00ed\u0159ka rozp\u011bt\u00ed z\u00e1vis\u00ed na r\u016fzn\u00fdch faktorech, jako je tr\u017en\u00ed likvidita, popularita obchodovan\u00e9ho m\u011bnov\u00e9ho p\u00e1ru a politika forexov\u00e9ho brokera. Rozp\u011bt\u00ed se obvykle d\u011bl\u00ed na n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed dva typy:&nbsp;\n <br><br>\n <ul>\n <li><strong>Fixn\u00ed rozp\u011bt\u00ed:<\/strong>&nbsp;Broker nab\u00edz\u00ed fixn\u00ed rozp\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se nem\u011bn\u00ed s tr\u017en\u00edmi podm\u00ednkami. To je stabiln\u00ed volba pro obchodn\u00edky, kte\u0159\u00ed cht\u011bj\u00ed zn\u00e1t konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed obchodn\u00ed n\u00e1klady, zejm\u00e9na kdy\u017e se trh v\u00fdrazn\u011b h\u00fdbe, n\u00e1klady na obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed se n\u00e1hle nezv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed.<\/li>\n <li><strong>Variabiln\u00ed rozp\u011bt\u00ed:<\/strong>&nbsp;Variabiln\u00ed rozp\u011bt\u00ed kol\u00eds\u00e1 v z\u00e1vislosti na likvidit\u011b a volatilit\u011b trhu. Kdy\u017e je trh aktivn\u00ed a likvidita vysok\u00e1 (nap\u0159\u00edklad b\u011bhem p\u0159ekr\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed lond\u00fdnsk\u00e9ho a newyorsk\u00e9ho trhu), rozp\u011bt\u00ed je obvykle men\u0161\u00ed; zat\u00edmco v neaktivn\u00edch nebo vysoce volatiln\u00edch obdob\u00edch (nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch ekonomick\u00fdch dat) se m\u016f\u017ee rozp\u011bt\u00ed roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n <br><br>\n \n <h3><strong>3. Vztah mezi rozp\u011bt\u00edm a tr\u017en\u00ed likviditou<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n <br>\n Velikost rozp\u011bt\u00ed obvykle odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed likviditu trhu:&nbsp;\n <br><br>\n <ul>\n <li><strong>Hlavn\u00ed m\u011bnov\u00e9 p\u00e1ry:<\/strong>&nbsp;jako EUR \/ USD, GBP \/ USD atd., maj\u00ed obvykle men\u0161\u00ed rozp\u011bt\u00ed, proto\u017ee objem obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed je vysok\u00fd a likvidita trhu je vysok\u00e1, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pouze 1-2 body.<\/li>\n <li><strong>K\u0159\u00ed\u017eov\u00e9 m\u011bnov\u00e9 p\u00e1ry:<\/strong>&nbsp;jako EUR \/ GBP, AUD \/ JPY, tyto m\u011bnov\u00e9 p\u00e1ry maj\u00ed relativn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed likviditu, rozp\u011bt\u00ed je obvykle \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt mezi 5-10 body.<\/li>\n <li><strong>Vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 m\u011bnov\u00e9 p\u00e1ry:<\/strong>&nbsp;jako USD \/ TRY (dolar\/nov\u00e1 tureck\u00e1 lira) nebo USD \/ ZAR (dolar\/jihoafrick\u00fd rand), tyto m\u011bnov\u00e9 p\u00e1ry maj\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed likviditu, rozp\u011bt\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee dos\u00e1hnout 20 bod\u016f nebo v\u00edce.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n <br><br>\n \n <h3><strong>4. Jak rozp\u011bt\u00ed ovliv\u0148uje n\u00e1klady na obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n <br>\n Rozp\u011bt\u00ed je p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd n\u00e1klad na obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee p\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9m obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed mus\u00ed obchodn\u00edk nejprve p\u0159ekonat rozp\u011bt\u00ed, aby za\u010dal generovat zisk. Nap\u0159\u00edklad:&nbsp;\n <br>\n Pokud je rozp\u011bt\u00ed EUR \/ USD 2 pips, pak kdy\u017e provedete n\u00e1kupn\u00ed obchod, cena mus\u00ed vzr\u016fst alespo\u0148 o 2 body, aby dos\u00e1hla bodu zvratu a za\u010dala generovat zisk.\n <br><br>\n Rozp\u011bt\u00ed je zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 obchodn\u00edky (nap\u0159\u00edklad denn\u00ed obchodn\u00edky), proto\u017ee \u010dasto vstupuj\u00ed a vystupuj\u00ed z trhu a \u010dasto obchoduj\u00ed s mal\u00fdmi cenov\u00fdmi pohyby. Pokud je rozp\u011bt\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00e9, \u010dast\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed mohou v\u00fdrazn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eit zisk. Proto:&nbsp;\n <br><br>\n <ul>\n <li><strong>Kr\u00e1tkodob\u00ed obchodn\u00edci:<\/strong>&nbsp;obvykle preferuj\u00ed m\u011bnov\u00e9 p\u00e1ry s men\u0161\u00edm rozp\u011bt\u00edm.<\/li>\n <li><strong>Dlouhodob\u00ed obchodn\u00edci:<\/strong>&nbsp;proto\u017ee zachycuj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed cenov\u00e9 pohyby, obchoduj\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasto, tak\u017ee vliv rozp\u011bt\u00ed na celkov\u00e9 n\u00e1klady je men\u0161\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n <br><br>\n \n <h3><strong>5. Jak vybrat brokera s n\u00edzk\u00fdm rozp\u011bt\u00edm<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n <br>\n V\u00fdb\u011br brokera, kter\u00fd nab\u00edz\u00ed n\u00edzk\u00e9 rozp\u011bt\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee v\u00fdrazn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eit va\u0161e obchodn\u00ed n\u00e1klady. N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed faktory by m\u011bly b\u00fdt zv\u00e1\u017eeny:&nbsp;\n <br><br>\n <ol>\n <li><strong>Typ rozp\u011bt\u00ed:<\/strong>&nbsp;Zjist\u011bte, zda broker nab\u00edz\u00ed fixn\u00ed nebo variabiln\u00ed rozp\u011bt\u00ed a zjist\u011bte, zda se tato rozp\u011bt\u00ed roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00ed v obdob\u00edch vysok\u00e9 volatility na trhu.<\/li>\n <li><strong>V\u00fdb\u011br m\u011bnov\u00e9ho p\u00e1ru:<\/strong>&nbsp;Pro m\u011bnov\u00e9 p\u00e1ry, kter\u00e9 \u010dasto obchodujete, potvr\u010fte jejich typickou velikost rozp\u011bt\u00ed.<\/li>\n <li><strong>Skryt\u00e9 n\u00e1klady:<\/strong>&nbsp;N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed broke\u0159i mohou nab\u00edzet zd\u00e1nliv\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed rozp\u011bt\u00ed, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 \u00fa\u010dtovat dodate\u010dn\u00e9 provize. Ujist\u011bte se, \u017ee rozum\u00edte v\u0161em mo\u017en\u00fdm n\u00e1klad\u016fm.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n <br><br>\n \n <h3><strong>6. Kombinace rozp\u011bt\u00ed a p\u00e1kov\u00e9ho efektu<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n <br>\n Rozp\u011bt\u00ed p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed <strong>p\u00e1kov\u00e9ho efektu<\/strong>&nbsp;zvy\u0161uje n\u00e1klady na obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed. Proto\u017ee p\u00e1kov\u00fd efekt v\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uje kontrolovat v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pozice s men\u0161\u00edm kapit\u00e1lem, n\u00e1klady na rozp\u011bt\u00ed se tak\u00e9 proporcion\u00e1ln\u011b zvy\u0161uj\u00ed. Proto:&nbsp;\n <br><br>\n <ul>\n <li>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b vysok\u00e9ho p\u00e1kov\u00e9ho efektu, i kdy\u017e je rozp\u011bt\u00ed velmi mal\u00e9, m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt v\u00fdznamn\u00fd dopad na n\u00e1klady na obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n <li>Zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b pro vysokofrekven\u010dn\u00ed obchodn\u00edky je t\u0159eba v\u011bnovat v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pozornost kombinovan\u00e9mu efektu p\u00e1kov\u00e9ho efektu a rozp\u011bt\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n <br><br>\n \n <h3><strong>7. Tipy na sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f na rozp\u011bt\u00ed<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n <br>\n N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed tipy mohou pomoci sn\u00ed\u017eit vliv rozp\u011bt\u00ed na obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed:&nbsp;\n <br><br>\n <ul>\n <li><strong>Vyberte si trhy s vysokou likviditou:<\/strong>&nbsp;Obchodujte v obdob\u00edch nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed likvidity na trhu (nap\u0159\u00edklad b\u011bhem p\u0159ekr\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed lond\u00fdnsk\u00e9ho a newyorsk\u00e9ho trhu).<\/li>\n <li><strong>Vyberte si m\u011bnov\u00e9 p\u00e1ry s men\u0161\u00edm rozp\u011bt\u00edm:<\/strong>&nbsp;nap\u0159\u00edklad Hlavn\u00ed m\u011bnov\u00e9 p\u00e1ry jako EUR \/ USD.<\/li>\n <li><strong>Zva\u017ete typ brokera:<\/strong>&nbsp;N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed broke\u0159i nab\u00edzej\u00ed obchodn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dty s n\u00edzk\u00fdm rozp\u011bt\u00edm, ale mohou \u00fa\u010dtovat provize. Porovnejte na z\u00e1klad\u011b celkov\u00fdch n\u00e1klad\u016f na obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n <br><br>\n \n <h3><strong>Shrnut\u00ed<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n <br>\n Rozp\u011bt\u00ed je jedn\u00edm z hlavn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f v obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s m\u011bnami, odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed rozd\u00edl mezi n\u00e1kupn\u00ed a prodejn\u00ed cenou m\u011bnov\u00e9ho p\u00e1ru. Pochopen\u00ed pravidel zm\u011bn rozp\u011bt\u00ed a jak vybrat brokera s n\u00edzk\u00fdm rozp\u011bt\u00edm m\u016f\u017ee efektivn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eit n\u00e1klady na obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed a zv\u00fd\u0161it potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed zisk. Rozp\u011bt\u00ed m\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vliv na kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 obchodn\u00edky, v\u00fdb\u011br m\u011bnov\u00fdch p\u00e1r\u016f s vysokou likviditou a obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed v odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edch tr\u017en\u00edch obdob\u00edch pom\u00e1h\u00e1 sn\u00ed\u017eit vliv rozp\u011bt\u00ed na obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed.\n<\/span><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-488da45 elementor-widget elementor-widget-template\" data-id=\"488da45\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"template.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-template\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"container\" data-elementor-id=\"49848\" class=\"elementor elementor-49848\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43b58eaa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"43b58eaa\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-83f27ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-html translation-block\" data-id=\"83f27ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\"><span>\n<strong style=\"font-size: 1.2em\">\nAhoj, jsme <a href=\"https:\/\/mister.forex\/cs\/about-us\/\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"text-decoration: underline\">v\u00fdzkumn\u00fd t\u00fdm Mr.Forex<\/a><\/strong><br>\n\nObchodov\u00e1n\u00ed vy\u017eaduje nejen spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 my\u0161len\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje a post\u0159ehy. Zam\u011b\u0159ujeme se na recenze glob\u00e1ln\u00edch broker\u016f, nastaven\u00ed obchodn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f (MT4 \/ MT5, EA, VPS) a z\u00e1klady forexov\u00e9 praxe. Osobn\u011b v\u00e1s nau\u010d\u00edme ovl\u00e1dnout \"n\u00e1vod k obsluze\" finan\u010dn\u00edch trh\u016f a vybudovat profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed obchodn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed od nuly.<br>\n<br>\n\n<strong>Pokud chcete p\u0159ej\u00edt od teorie k praxi:<\/strong><br>\n1. Pomozte sd\u00edlet tento \u010dl\u00e1nek, aby pravdu vid\u011blo v\u00edce obchodn\u00edk\u016f.<br>\n2. P\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se <a href=\"https:\/\/mister.forex\/cs\/category\/learn-forex\/\" target=\"_blank\">v\u00fduky Forexu<\/a>.\n<\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s m\u011bnami je rozp\u011bt\u00ed rozd\u00edl mezi n\u00e1kupn\u00ed a prodejn\u00ed cenou, co\u017e je n\u00e1klad, kter\u00fd mus\u00ed obchodn\u00edk n\u00e9st p\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9m obchodu. Je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pochopit, jak rozp\u011bt\u00ed ovliv\u0148uje va\u0161e obchodn\u00ed n\u00e1klady, a vybrat si vhodn\u00e9ho brokera.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":44207,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[83],"tags":[128],"class_list":["post-44435","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-learn-forex","tag-no-google"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mister.forex\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44435","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mister.forex\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mister.forex\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mister.forex\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mister.forex\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44435"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mister.forex\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44435\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mister.forex\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/44207"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mister.forex\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44435"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mister.forex\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44435"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mister.forex\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44435"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}