{"id":74473,"date":"2026-10-25T18:55:45","date_gmt":"2026-10-25T10:55:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mister.forex\/?page_id=74473"},"modified":"2026-10-26T12:21:37","modified_gmt":"2026-10-26T04:21:37","slug":"calmar-ratio-etf-risk-adjusted-return","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/mister.forex\/el\/calmar-ratio-etf-risk-adjusted-return\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0394\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Calmar: \u0391\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 ETF \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"74473\" class=\"elementor elementor-74473\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-88f3a17 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"88f3a17\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b47d9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4b47d9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u03a5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7, \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2: \u03a4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Calmar;<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d802a71 elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d802a71\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-74487 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/mister.forex\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Calmar-Ratio-Thumbnail-500x281.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mister.forex\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Calmar-Ratio-Thumbnail-500x281.webp 500w, https:\/\/mister.forex\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Calmar-Ratio-Thumbnail-1200x675.webp 1200w, https:\/\/mister.forex\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Calmar-Ratio-Thumbnail-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/mister.forex\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Calmar-Ratio-Thumbnail-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/mister.forex\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Calmar-Ratio-Thumbnail-1536x864.webp 1536w, https:\/\/mister.forex\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Calmar-Ratio-Thumbnail-18x10.webp 18w, https:\/\/mister.forex\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Calmar-Ratio-Thumbnail.webp 1672w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-410e02b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html translation-block\" data-id=\"410e02b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\"><span>\n\u03a6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 20%.\n<br><br>\n\n\u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac:\n<br><br>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u03a3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae A:<\/strong> \u039c\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u221210%.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae B:<\/strong> \u039c\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u221240%.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<br>\n\n\u0391\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 A \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 B.\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>\u038a\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 20%. \u039c\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 10% \u03ae 40%; \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5;<\/strong>\n<br><br>\n\n\u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7. \u039b\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7.\n<br><br>\n\n\u0395\u03b4\u03ce \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf <strong>\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Calmar (Calmar Ratio)<\/strong>.\n<br><br>\n\n\u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7. \u03a3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c9\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 ETF, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1:\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>\u03a5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf. \u03a4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ac\u03be\u03b9\u03b6\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.<\/strong>\n<br><br>\n\n\n<h2><strong>1. \u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Calmar;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\u039f \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Calmar \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf, \u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\u039c\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1, \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7:\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>\u03a0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03cd\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2;<\/strong>\n<br><br>\n\n\u039f \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9:\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>Calmar Ratio = \u03a3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 (CAGR) \u00f7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 (MDD)<\/strong>\n<br><br>\n\n\u038c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5:\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>\u039f \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 (Compound Annual Growth Rate, CAGR)<\/strong> \u03b5\u03ba\u03c6\u03c1\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf, \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc.\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>\u0397 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 (Maximum Drawdown, MDD)<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03ae \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1:\n<br><br>\n\n\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 15% \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u221220%.\n<br><br>\n\n\u039f \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9:\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>15% \u00f7 20% = 0.75<\/strong>\n<br><br>\n\n\u0386\u03c1\u03b1, \u03bf \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 0.75.\n<br><br>\n\n\u039f \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Calmar \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc.\n<br><br>\n\n\u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.\n<br><br>\n\n\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03b1\u03be\u03b7:\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Calmar \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03c5\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/strong>\n<br><br>\n\n\u039f \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5. \u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03ad\u03c1\u03b4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf \u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b6\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ad\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\n<h3><strong>Calmar Ratio \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 MAR Ratio: \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\u039f \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Calmar \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd 36 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd.\n<br><br>\n\n\u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf.\n<br><br>\n\n\u0391\u03bd \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cd\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc.\n<br><br>\n\n\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd \u03ac\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf <strong>\u00abCAGR \u00f7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\u00bb<\/strong>, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7 <strong>Managed Account Reports Ratio (MAR Ratio)<\/strong>.\n<br><br>\n\n\u0395\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5:\n<br><br>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Calmar:<\/strong> \u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd 36 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039b\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd:<\/strong> \u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd MAR Ratio.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<br>\n\n\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd <strong>\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf \u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc<\/strong>, \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7 Calmar \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd 36 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd.\n<br><br>\n\n\u0397 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1: \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ae.\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03bb \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2.<\/strong>\n<br><br>\n\n\n<h2><strong>2. \u038a\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Calmar<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\u0391\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c8\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1.\n<br><br>\n\n\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1.\n<br><br>\n\n<div>\n<table style=\"width:100%;min-width:600px;border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0;border:1px solid #2D4273;border-radius:6px;text-align:center;font-family:'Inter',sans-serif;overflow:hidden\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background-color:#15264D;color:#FFFFFF\">\n<th style=\"padding:15px;border-right:1px solid #FFFFFF;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>\u0394\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:15px;border-right:1px solid #FFFFFF;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>\u03a3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae A<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:15px;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>\u03a3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae B<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"background-color:#FFFFFF\">\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\">\u0395\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\">20%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\">20%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color:#FFFFFF\">\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\">\u039c\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:#15264D\"><strong>\u221210%<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:#D83C34\"><strong>\u221240%<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color:#FFFFFF\">\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>Calmar Ratio<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:#15264D\"><strong>2.00<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>0.50<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<br>\n\n\u03a3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae A:\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>20% \u00f7 10% = 2.00<\/strong>\n<br><br>\n\n\u03a3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae B:\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>20% \u00f7 40% = 0.50<\/strong>\n<br><br>\n\n\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Calmar \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 A \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\u0397 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>\u0397 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c1\u03cd\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03c6\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03be\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.<\/strong>\n<br><br>\n\n\n<h3><strong>\u0397 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7 Calmar;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\u038c\u03c7\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1.\n<br><br>\n\n\u0395\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf.\n<br><br>\n\n<div>\n<table style=\"width:100%;min-width:600px;border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0;border:1px solid #2D4273;border-radius:6px;text-align:center;font-family:'Inter',sans-serif;overflow:hidden\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background-color:#15264D;color:#FFFFFF\">\n<th style=\"padding:15px;border-right:1px solid #FFFFFF;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>\u0394\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:15px;border-right:1px solid #FFFFFF;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>\u03a3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae C<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:15px;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>\u03a3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae D<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"background-color:#FFFFFF\">\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\">\u0395\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\">12%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\">24%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color:#FFFFFF\">\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\">\u039c\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:#15264D\"><strong>\u221210%<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:#D34B3A\"><strong>\u221230%<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color:#FFFFFF\">\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>Calmar Ratio<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:#15264D\"><strong>1.20<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>0.80<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<br>\n\n\u0397 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae D \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae C, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1.\n<br><br>\n\n\u0388\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9, \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae C \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7 Calmar.\n<br><br>\n\n\u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae C \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7;\n<br><br>\n\n\u038c\u03c7\u03b9. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf.\n<br><br>\n\n\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1:\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>\u0391\u03be\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7;<\/strong>\n<br><br>\n\n\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Calmar.\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>\u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7:<\/strong> \u039f\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 A, B, C \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 D \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b1. \u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 ETF, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\n<h2><strong>3. \u03a0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1: \u0391\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 ETF \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\u0391\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\u0398\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1.\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>SPY: SPDR S&amp;P 500 ETF Trust<\/strong>\n<br><br>\n\n\u03a4\u03bf SPY \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7 S&amp;P 500 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>QQQ: Invesco QQQ Trust<\/strong>\n<br><br>\n\n\u03a4\u03bf QQQ \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd Nasdaq-100 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>BRK.B: \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 B \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Berkshire Hathaway<\/strong>\n<br><br>\n\n\u039f \u03ba\u03c9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 BRK.B \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 B \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Berkshire Hathaway, \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2. \u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 ETF.\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>BND: Vanguard Total Bond Market ETF<\/strong>\n<br><br>\n\n\u03a4\u03bf BND \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc ETF \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Vanguard. \u0395\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03af\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03af\u03c4\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1.\n<br><br>\n\n\u03a4\u03bf BND \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac \u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf. \u0397 \u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\u039f\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5.\n<br><br>\n\n\u03a3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\n<h3><strong>\u039c\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\u039f \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd 20\u03ae \u039f\u03ba\u03c4\u03c9\u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 2026.\n<br><br>\n\n<div>\n<table style=\"width:100%;min-width:850px;border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0;border:1px solid #2D4273;border-radius:6px;text-align:center;font-family:'Inter',sans-serif;overflow:hidden\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background-color:#15264D;color:#FFFFFF\">\n<th style=\"padding:15px;border-right:1px solid #FFFFFF;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>\u0395\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:15px;border-right:1px solid #FFFFFF;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>\u0388\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:15px;border-right:1px solid #FFFFFF;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>CAGR<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:15px;border-right:1px solid #FFFFFF;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>\u039c\u03ad\u03b3. \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:15px;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>\u0391\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"background-color:#FFFFFF\">\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>SPY<\/strong><br>ETF \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\">1993<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\">+10.82%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:#C62828\"><strong>\u221255.19%<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>0.20<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color:#FFFFFF\">\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>QQQ<\/strong><br>ETF Nasdaq-100<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\">1999<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\">+10.73%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:#8E1616\"><strong>\u221282.96%<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>0.13<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color:#FFFFFF\">\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>BRK.B<\/strong><br>\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae Berkshire Hathaway B<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\">1996<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\">+10.89%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:#C62828\"><strong>\u221253.86%<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>0.20<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color:#FFFFFF\">\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>BND<\/strong><br>\u0391\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc ETF<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\">2007<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\">+2.89%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:#B45336\"><strong>\u221218.58%<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>0.16<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<br>\n\n<strong>\u03a0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd:<\/strong>\n<br><br>\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.investmentvisual.com\/etfs\/spy\/returns\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Investment Visual | \u0399\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 SPY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.investmentvisual.com\/etfs\/qqq\/returns\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Investment Visual | \u0399\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 QQQ<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.investmentvisual.com\/stocks\/brk-b\/returns\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Investment Visual | \u0399\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 BRK.B<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.investmentvisual.com\/etfs\/bnd\/returns\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Investment Visual | \u0399\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 BND<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<br>\n\n<strong>\u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd:<\/strong> \u039f \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 20 \u039f\u03ba\u03c4\u03c9\u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 2026. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd. \u0397 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 CAGR \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c8\u03b7\u03c6\u03af\u03b1. \u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Calmar \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd 36 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf BRK.B \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae, \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 ETF. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ce\u03c2, \u03bf \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03bb \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03ae \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5. \u03a0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba \u03bd\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b7 \u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\u039f \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.\n<br><br>\n\n\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b1 SPY \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 BRK.B \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b1 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u0393\u03b9' \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf 0.20 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf.\n<br><br>\n\n\u03a4\u03bf QQQ \u03c0\u03ad\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5.\n<br><br>\n\n\u03a4\u03bf BND \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03bb: \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>\u039c\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03c5\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf. \u039f\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b7 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03c5\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9.<\/strong>\n<br><br>\n\n\u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\n<h3><strong>SPY \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 QQQ: \u039c\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\u039f \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. \u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7.\n<br><br>\n\n\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd SPY \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 QQQ \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf.\n<br><br>\n\n\u03a4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 10 \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 1999 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 20 \u039f\u03ba\u03c4\u03c9\u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 2026.\n<br><br>\n\n<div>\n<table style=\"width:100%;min-width:650px;border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0;border:1px solid #2D4273;border-radius:6px;text-align:center;font-family:'Inter',sans-serif;overflow:hidden\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background-color:#15264D;color:#FFFFFF\">\n<th style=\"padding:15px;border-right:1px solid #FFFFFF;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>\u0394\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:15px;border-right:1px solid #FFFFFF;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>SPY<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:15px;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>QQQ<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"background-color:#FFFFFF\">\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\">CAGR<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\">+8.55%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\">+10.73%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color:#FFFFFF\">\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\">\u039c\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 (MDD)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:#C62828\"><strong>\u221255.19%<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:#8E1616\"><strong>\u221282.96%<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color:#FFFFFF\">\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>\u0391\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;border-right:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>0.15<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #2D4273;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle\"><strong>0.13<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<br>\n\n<strong>\u03a0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.investmentvisual.com\/compare\/qqq-vs-spy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Investment Visual | \u0399\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 SPY \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 QQQ<\/a>.\n<br><br>\n\n\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf, \u03c4\u03bf QQQ \u03c0\u03ad\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf SPY.\n<br><br>\n\n\u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bf \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c6\u03c1\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1.\n<br><br>\n\n\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf SPY \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae.\n<br><br>\n\n\u03a4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf:\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>\u03a3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf, \u03c4\u03bf SPY \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c6\u03c1\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf QQQ.<\/strong>\n<br><br>\n\n\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7 Calmar \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd: \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bd\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7.\n<br><br>\n\n\n<h2><strong>4. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\u038c\u03c7\u03b9.\n<br><br>\n\n\u03a4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Calmar \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af.\n<br><br>\n\n\n<h3><strong>4.1 \u039f\u03b9 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\u0391\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd 20%, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\u039f \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03c5\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\n<h3><strong>4.2 \u0397 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 ETF \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03cd\u03ba\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c9\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\u039f \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac.\n<br><br>\n\n\u0391\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5.\n<br><br>\n\n\n<h3><strong>4.3 \u03a4\u03bf backtest \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 (backtests) \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1, \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 backtest \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bd\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\n<h3><strong>4.4 \u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\u039f \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Calmar \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.\n<br><br>\n\n\u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03cc\u03c7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 (slippage), \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ae \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\u0391\u03bd \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ae, \u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c2. \u0391\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03b4\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9.\n<br><br>\n\n\u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae.\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>\u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7 Calmar \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf, \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7.<\/strong>\n<br><br>\n\n\n<h2><strong>5. \u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 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\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/li>\n<li>\u0391\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ae \u03bc\u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03cc\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03bd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd.<\/li>\n<li>\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b5\u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ae \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03ae \u03bc\u03b7 \u03bc\u03cc\u03c7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd slippage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<br>\n\n\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1.\n<br><br>\n\n\u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ce\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03b2\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7.\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>\u03a0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1.<\/strong>\n<br><br>\n\n\n<h3><strong>5.3 \u039e\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 backtests<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b1.\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>\u03a0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf.\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf backtest<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1.\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>\u03a3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03cd\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c3\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ae\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03cd\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9.\n<br><br>\n\n\u039f\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9.\n<br><br>\n\n\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03cd\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd.\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf backtest \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bd\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7.<\/strong>\n<br><br>\n\n\n<h3><strong>5.4 \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\u0391\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03c5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\u03a4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac ETF, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac ETF \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\u0393\u03b9' \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 (benchmark) \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bb\u03ac \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03bb \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 ETF \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bf S&amp;P 500 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03af.\n<br><br>\n\n\u03a3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac \u03ae \u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c5\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf, \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>\u039f \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03cd\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf. \u03a0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd \u03bf \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03c6\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c6\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03ce\u03c2.<\/strong>\n<br><br>\n\n\u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2. \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd, \u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Calmar \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u03bf Calmar \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf.\n<br><br>\n\n\n<h2><strong>6. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1: \u0394\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\u0397 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\u0394\u03cd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\u039f \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Calmar \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1:\n<br><br>\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2;<\/li>\n<li>\u03a0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7;<\/li>\n<li>\u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd;<\/li>\n<li>\u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<br>\n\n\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd SPY, QQQ, BRK.B \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 BND \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n\u0395\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 ETF, \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2, \u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1.\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>\u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ad\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5.<\/strong>\n<br><br>\n\n\u039f \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Calmar \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7. \u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.\n<br><br>\n\n\n<h3><strong>\u0395\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\u0391\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ae\u03b4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 ETF \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5.\n<br><br>\n\n\u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Mr.Forex \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ac\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.\n<br><br>\n\n<strong>\u0395\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1. \u0388\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2.<\/strong>\n<br><br>\n\n<hr>\n<br>\n\n<strong>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5:<\/strong> \u03a4\u03bf \u03ac\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7. \u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ae \u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03ce\u03bd. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03af \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd A, B, C \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 D \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 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